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Leaky Scanning

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Published on: September 7, 2017

Vaccine Development for Influenza Virus.

Ganesh Yadagiri¹, Mingtao Zeng²

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata 700054, India.

|October 28, 2025

Summary

Influenza, a contagious respiratory virus, poses a significant global health risk. This infection causes millions of severe illnesses and hundreds of thousands of deaths each year.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Infectious Diseases
Virology

Background:

Influenza is a highly contagious respiratory viral infection.
It represents a persistent global public health threat.

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Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Published on: September 7, 2017

Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination

Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination

Published on: June 2, 2016

Intranasal Administration of Recombinant Influenza Vaccines in Chimeric Mouse Models to Study Mucosal Immunity

Intranasal Administration of Recombinant Influenza Vaccines in Chimeric Mouse Models to Study Mucosal Immunity

Published on: June 25, 2015

Annual estimates include 3-5 million severe illnesses and 290,000-650,000 respiratory deaths.