Neurotoxic Effects of Bisphenol (BPA): Mini-Reviews
Luciana Veras de Aquino Figueirôa1, Tiago da Silva Teófilo1, Jael Soares Batista1
1Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCA), Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), Rua Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil.
Toxics
|October 28, 2025
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure, even at low doses, harms the central nervous system, impairing learning and memory. This highlights the need for stricter BPA regulations and safer alternatives to protect cognitive function.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Neuroscience
- Toxicology
Background:
- Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous synthetic compound found in plastics and resins.
- Human exposure to BPA is widespread and difficult to avoid.
- Emerging evidence suggests BPA may cause neurotoxic effects even at low exposure levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current research on the neurotoxic effects of Bisphenol A (BPA).
- To evaluate BPA's impact on learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity.
- To assess the implications for current regulatory limits and public health policies.
Main Methods:
- A mini-review of scientific literature.
- Searches conducted in PubMed, VHL/BVS, and ScienceDirect databases.
- Included studies (2007-2025) focused on BPA neurotoxicity, cognitive function, and the central nervous system.
Main Results:
- BPA exposure compromises neuronal survival, dendritic density, and synaptic plasticity.
- Animal models showed cognitive deficits in learning and memory, linked to oxidative stress and molecular pathway alterations.
- In vitro studies revealed BPA induces apoptosis, autophagy dysfunction, and synaptic protein loss, with dose- and sex-dependent effects.
Conclusions:
- BPA demonstrates significant neurotoxic potential, impacting CNS development and function.
- Findings suggest a need to re-evaluate current BPA safety standards.
- Reinforces the importance of regulating BPA use and developing safer alternatives.
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