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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

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TGF-β1 Is Associated with Left Ventricular Dysfunction.

Bartosz Rakoczy1, Michal Rac2, Andrzej Krzystolik3

  • 1Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Karol Marcinkowski, 26 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) shows weak links to ventricular dysfunction in early coronary artery disease (CAD). High TGF-β1 is associated with diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmia risk, not heart attacks.

Keywords:
CADTGF-βcarotid plaquediabetesheart failureultrasound techniques

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • The role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in atherosclerosis vascular effects is debated.
  • Understanding TGF-β1's impact on early coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate correlations between plasma TGF-β1 concentrations and echocardiographic/vascular parameters in early CAD patients.
  • To assess TGF-β1's association with risk factors and disease progression in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiography and electrocardiography in 100 early CAD patients.
  • Doppler ultrasound assessed carotid/brachial artery intima-media thickness, ankle-brachial index, and atherosclerotic plaques.
  • Plasma TGF-β1 levels were measured and correlated with clinical and ultrasound findings.

Main Results:

  • No significant correlation found between TGF-β1 and diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, or myocardial infarction.
  • Weak associations observed with impaired ventricular function; strong positive correlation with QRS width.
  • Significant positive correlations between TGF-β1 and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmia risk were identified.

Conclusions:

  • High plasma TGF-β1 is not linked to heart attacks or common risk factors in early CAD, suggesting stable plaques.
  • TGF-β1 levels are significantly associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and increased arrhythmia risk in early CAD patients.