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Pro-Angiogenic Bioactive Molecules in Vascular Morphogenesis: Integrating Endothelial Cell Dynamics.

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Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|October 28, 2025
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This review explores blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) and its molecular regulation. Cellular chirality, or cell handedness, is highlighted as crucial for organized blood vessel development and repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Embryonic development involves complex angiogenesis and arteriogenesis for tissue growth.
  • Vessel assembly utilizes diverse morphogenetic mechanisms like budding and intussusception.
  • Molecular pathways, particularly the VEGF/VEGFR signaling, govern these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diversity of morphogenetic mechanisms in blood vessel assembly.
  • To discuss molecular regulation of cell behaviors in angiogenesis, focusing on the VEGFR pathway and HIF-1α.
  • To highlight the role of cellular chirality in vascular morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis mechanisms.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways, including VEGF/VEGFR signaling and HIF-1α.
  • Discussion of cellular chirality's impact on endothelial cell organization.

Main Results:

  • VEGF/VEGFR signaling is central to vascular morphogenesis, with VEGFR2 playing a key role.
  • Cellular chirality influences endothelial cell orientation and migration during angiogenesis.
  • Multiple factors, including signaling, mechanical forces, and ECM interactions, affect cellular chirality.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding blood vessel morphogenesis is key to developing engineered vascular tissues.
  • Cellular chirality is an emerging mechanism critical for organized vascular network formation.
  • Further research into molecular control and stabilization mechanisms is ongoing.