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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Structure01:55

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Three-Dimensional Bone Structural Analysis in Postmenopausal Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis With and Without Bone

Yong Jun Choi1, Ji-Won Kim2, Ju-Yang Jung2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.

Journal of Clinical Densitometry : the Official Journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) bone erosion in postmenopausal women is linked to poorer hip bone structure. Disease activity particularly impacts cortical bone, emphasizing the need for strict RA management to preserve bone health.

Keywords:
Bone erosionDual-energy X-ray AbsorptiometryOsteoporosisRheumatoid arthritisTrabecular bone

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly affects bone health, leading to erosion.
  • Assessing three-dimensional (3D) bone structure changes in RA patients is crucial.
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) offers a novel approach for 3D bone analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare 3D bone structure based on bone erosion in postmenopausal women with RA.
  • To utilize a novel DXA-based 3D analysis tool for detailed bone assessment.
  • To investigate the relationship between disease activity and bone structure alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 171 postmenopausal women with RA (age ≥ 50).
  • Categorization based on presence or absence of bone erosions on hand and foot X-rays.
  • 3D bone structure analysis of DXA hip scans using 3D-Shaper software, measuring integral (IvBMD), trabecular (TvBMD), and cortical (CvBMD) volumetric bone mineral density.

Main Results:

  • The erosion-positive group (77 patients) exhibited significantly lower femoral neck (FN) areal BMD, IvBMD, TvBMD, and CvBMD compared to the erosion-negative group (94 patients).
  • Multiple regression analysis indicated that the Disease Activity Score (DAS28) was independently associated with reduced FN cortical volumetric BMD (CvBMD).
  • These findings highlight structural bone deficits associated with RA-related erosions.

Conclusions:

  • Bone erosion in RA is significantly associated with adverse changes in 3D bone structure, especially in the femoral neck.
  • Disease activity, particularly measured by DAS28, predominantly impacts cortical bone integrity.
  • Effective RA management is essential to mitigate bone structural damage and maintain bone health in affected individuals.