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Exploring Sport, Exercise, and Physical Activity Participation Patterns Using Association Rule Mining.

Sang-Eun Oh1, Sian Lee1, Minsoo Kang1

  • 1The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.

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Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic shifted sport, exercise, and physical activity (SEPA) participation, with activity co-occurrence patterns changing significantly across demographics. Flexible, multiactivity strategies are needed to adapt to these changes.

Keywords:
COVID-19coparticipation patternsmultiactivity engagement

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sports Science
  • Sociology of Sport

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted sport, exercise, and physical activity (SEPA) environments and participation.
  • Limited research has explored how SEPA activity co-occurrence patterns have evolved across different demographic groups during this period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate shifts in SEPA participation patterns before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To specifically identify changes in SEPA co-occurrence patterns based on sex and age group.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Korean National Sports Survey (2019, 2021, 2023) with N=6609 participants.
  • Employed association rule mining with the Apriori algorithm to analyze coparticipation patterns among individuals engaged in two or more SEPA types.
  • Applied specific filtering thresholds (support ≥ 0.01, confidence ≥ 0.50, lift ≥ 1.00) to identify significant patterns.

Main Results:

  • SEPA co-occurrence patterns demonstrated significant changes across prepandemic, pandemic, and postpandemic phases.
  • Prepandemic: Strong co-occurrence of team sports (basketball, soccer/futsal) and swimming. Pandemic: Increased participation in walking, hiking, and gymnastics.
  • Demographic differences emerged: Men favored vigorous/competitive activities, women preferred accessible/low-impact ones. Younger adults shifted to individual activities, while older adults maintained stable patterns around walking, gymnastics, and gateball.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic induced substantial alterations in SEPA co-occurrence patterns.
  • Findings underscore the necessity for adaptable, multi-activity approaches in SEPA promotion that consider demographic variations and environmental changes.