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Nodal Modulator Regulates Chemo- and Radioresistance in Lung Cancer via the Chk2 Pathway
Hye Min Kim1,2, Ju-Young Kim3,4, Chang Geun Lee1
1Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Anticancer Research
|October 28, 2025
Summary
Nodal modulators (NOMO) drive lung cancer resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Silencing NOMO restores sensitivity by promoting apoptosis and affecting Chk1/Chk2 kinases, suggesting NOMO as a gene therapy target.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- Lung cancer treatment efficacy is limited by chemo- and radioresistance.
- Nodal modulators (NOMO1-3) are implicated in radioresistance.
- NOMO proteins are highly expressed in lung cancer but their function is unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the function of NOMO in lung cancer.
- To investigate NOMO's role in chemo- and radioresistance.
Main Methods:
- Utilized human NOMO-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA).
- Assessed effects of NOMO silencing on tumor cell viability and apoptosis.
- Employed antibody arrays to analyze protein phosphorylation.
Main Results:
- NOMO silencing reversed chemo- and radioresistance via caspase-dependent apoptosis.
- NOMO inhibition increased phosphorylation of checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2.
- Chk1 and Chk2 modulate chemo- and radioresistance.
Conclusions:
- NOMO and the Chk2 pathway are key players in lung cancer chemo- and radioresistance.
- NOMO represents a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer gene therapy.
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