Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

349
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
349
Impulse01:13

Impulse

21.3K
According to Newton’s second law of motion, the rate of change of the momentum of an object is the net external force acting on it. The total change in momentum between two timepoints thus depends on both the external force acting on it and the time over which it acts. Describing this mathematically, the total change of an object’s motion is proportional to the force vector and the time over which it is applied. This product is called impulse.
Additionally, it can be shown that the...
21.3K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

7.4K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improvement in Tics and Motor Impulsivity Is Associated With Functional and Receptor-Enriched Connectivity Changes in Adolescents With Tourette Disorder.

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging·2026
Same author

Mobile Game Evaluation Method Based on Data Mining of Affective Time Series.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Gazing into spatiotemporal 'known unknowns': the influence of uncertainty on pupil size and saccadic eye movements.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Distinct Spectral Profiles of Awake Resting EEG in Disorders of Consciousness: The Role of Frequency and Topography of Oscillations.

Brain topography·2023
Same author

How Does Temporal Blurring Alter Movement Timing?

eNeuro·2023
Same author

From anticipation to impulsivity in Parkinson's disease.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

9.0K

What Is the Difference between an Impulsive and a Timed Anticipatory Movement?

Dominika Drążyk1, Anissa Rida1, Marcus Missal2

  • 1Institute of Neurosciences (IONS), Cognition and System (COSY), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium.

Eneuro
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Two distinct neural processes underlie early responses before expected events. One is an impulsive, unintentional release of inhibition, while the other is a temporally guided anticipatory process.

Keywords:
anticipationeye movementsimpulsivitytiming

More Related Videos

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

Published on: March 17, 2019

9.9K
The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents
09:43

The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2014

46.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

9.0K
Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

Published on: March 17, 2019

9.9K
The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents
09:43

The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2014

46.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Behavioral responses can occur before a predictable event.
  • These early responses may stem from distinct neural mechanisms, such as impulsivity versus anticipation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether early responses before a predictable visual stimulus involve one or two independent neural processes.
  • To differentiate between impulsive and anticipatory early motor responses.

Main Methods:

  • An oculomotor task was employed with predictable delays between warning and "go" stimuli.
  • Spatial uncertainty of the "go" signal was manipulated.
  • Early saccades (responses before the "go" signal) were analyzed based on their latency and characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Early saccades exhibited a bimodal latency distribution, suggesting two distinct response modes.
  • The first mode (1st mode saccades) decreased with longer delays, while the second mode (2nd mode saccades) remained constant.
  • Second mode saccades showed increased latency, variance, and amplitude, with decreased maximum velocity.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest two independent neural processes precede expected events.
  • A 1st mode saccade reflects an impulsive, unintentional release of inhibition.
  • A 2nd mode saccade is indicative of a temporally guided anticipatory process.