Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Family: A Concept Analysis

Post-intensive care syndrome in family (PICS-F) is a complex concept impacting the well-being of patients and their families. Understanding PICS-F is crucial for developing diagnostic criteria and interventions tailored to the needs of these families. However, current definitions are limited, necessitating further exploration. This study aims to advance the understanding of PICS-F through a detailed concept analysis, identifying its key attributes, antecedents, and consequences.

A concept analysis was performed using Walker and Avant's eight-step framework.

A systematic literature review across PubMed, Medline, Ovid, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and the Chinese Science Citation Database included English and Chinese articles published up to 8 May 2024. Key attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of PICS-F were identified through qualitative synthesis.

Relevant literature was analysed to identify key attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of PICS-F through qualitative synthesis.

Of the 7263 reviewed articles, 66 met the inclusion criteria. Six key characteristics of Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Family were identified: (1) Inclusive definition of family; (2) Onset or worsening of symptoms during ICU admission, transfer, and post-discharge; (3) Emotional and psychological dysfunctions; (4) Physical impairments; (5) Cognitive dysfunctions; and (6) Social dysfunctions. Antecedents included family, patient, and ICU-related factors. Consequences ranged from a decline in health-related quality of life to potential positive outcomes, such as post-traumatic growth.

PICS-F is a multifaceted condition that significantly impacts family members of critically ill patients, encompassing emotional, psychological, physical, cognitive, and social challenges.

Defining PICS-F enables healthcare professionals to detect and support affected families. Implementing family-centred care and developing specialised interventions can enhance both family and patient outcomes. Furthermore, this analysis highlights the need for training healthcare providers to recognise PICS-F and implement effective care strategies in ICU environments.

This concept analysis did not include any patient or public involvement.

This study utilised the PRISMA reporting checklist.