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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
Published on: April 26, 2024
Sleep characteristics and non-suicidal self-injury: unveiling the association in depressed adolescents
Jiarong Liang1,2, Yihui Liu1,3, Tingting Zhang3,4
1Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Objective:
To investigate subjective and objective sleep characteristics between adolescents with and without non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) during depressive episodes.
Design:
Case-control study.
Participants:
The study comprised 125 adolescents aged 12-19 years hospitalized between December 2022 and June 2024, stratified into NSSI (n = 70) and non-NSSI (n = 55) groups based on the presence or absence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.
Measurements:
Subjective sleep characteristics were measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and objective sleep characteristics were obtained through polysomnography.
Results:
Significant between-group differences emerged in gender distribution, depression severity, anxiety levels, and psychological symptoms profiles (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that NSSI was independently positively associated with subjective sleep insufficiency (OR = 3.71, 95%CI:1.38-9.98, P = 0.009) and objectively measured prolonged sleep latency (OR = 1.03, 95%CI:1.00-1.06, P = 0.024).
Conclusions:
NSSI was significantly associated with reduced sleep duration and elevated sleep latency, which may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for NSSI risk in adolescents during depressive episodes.
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