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The Relationship Between Refeeding Syndrome and Preterm Morbidities in Preterm Infants

Aybuke Yazici1, Ipek Guney Varal1, Gaffari Tunc1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 16310 Bursa, Turkey.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) face a higher risk of developing refeeding syndrome (RFS). Closer monitoring and prompt electrolyte support are crucial for these vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is a concern in preterm infants.
  • Identifying risk factors and associations with preterm morbidities is essential for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine risk factors for RFS in preterm infants.
  • To evaluate the relationship between RFS and common preterm morbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of preterm infants born before 30 weeks gestation.
  • RFS diagnosis based on serum phosphorus and calcium levels on postnatal day 7.
  • Comparison of demographic and clinical data between infants with and without RFS.

Main Results:

  • Refeeding syndrome (RFS) was diagnosed in 34.5% of analyzed preterm infants.
  • Infants with RFS had lower gestational age, lower birth weight, and higher rates of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and patent ductus arteriosus.
  • After adjusting for covariates, RDS remained a significant risk factor for RFS.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm infants diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) exhibit a higher likelihood of developing refeeding syndrome (RFS).
  • These infants necessitate enhanced laboratory monitoring and vigilant follow-up for RFS detection and prompt electrolyte management.

Keywords:
morbiditypretermrefeeding syndromerespiratory distress syndrome

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