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Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Pediatric Patient-Age-Related Correlations: A Systematic Review

Katarzyna Cencelewicz1, Barbara Pieniążek1, Joanna Chajec1

  • 1Student Scientific Society of Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has high relapse rates and molecular diversity. Analyzing age-specific genetic alterations is crucial for tailoring treatments and improving outcomes in childhood AML.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents 15-20% of childhood leukemia cases.
  • AML in children has high aggressiveness, mortality, and relapse rates (34-38%).
  • Significant molecular diversity exists, with age-dependent genetic alterations in pediatric AML.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the molecular landscape of pediatric AML stratified by age.
  • To identify age-specific genetic alterations for personalized diagnosis and therapy.
  • To prioritize therapeutic strategies based on distinct pediatric age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on pediatric AML genetics.
  • Analysis of reported mutations and rearrangements in different pediatric age cohorts.
  • Correlation of molecular findings with clinical outcomes and age-specific patterns.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric AML exhibits unique genetic alterations that differ from adult AML.
  • Genetic mutations and rearrangements vary significantly across different pediatric age groups.
  • Understanding these age-specific molecular profiles is key to individualized treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Age-specific molecular analysis is essential for effective pediatric AML management.
  • Tailoring therapies based on molecular landscape and age can improve patient outcomes.
  • Further research into age-stratified genetic drivers is needed to optimize treatment strategies.
Keywords:
AMLacute myeloid leukemiamolecular landscapepediatrics

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