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Updated: Jan 13, 2026
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Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
Published on: May 16, 2025
609
Post-Traumatic Orbital Reconstruction Using Titanium Patient-Specific Implants: A Clinical and Radiological Cohort
Waldemar Reich1, Louis Widmaier1, Ulrich Kisser2
1University Hospital for Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 29, 2025
Summary
Patient-specific titanium orbital implants (PSIs) show safe bone remodeling and preserve sinus function in adult trauma patients. Long-term follow-up reveals low complication rates, supporting their use in orbital reconstructions.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial surgery
- Medical imaging
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Longitudinal cohort study evaluating patient-specific titanium orbital implants (PSIs).
- Focus on adult trauma patients with orbital fractures.
- Assessment of bone remodeling and paranasal sinus (PNS) status.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate implant-associated bone remodeling after PSI insertion.
- Assess paranasal sinus (PNS) status and patency.
- Determine long-term safety and complication rates of PSIs.
Main Methods:
- CT-based reconstruction in 16 adult trauma patients.
- Follow-up up to 6.5 years.
- Post-operative CT scans for bone remodeling, sinus patency, and implant exposure.
Main Results:
- Bone apposition observed in all cases; maxillary sinus outflow patent in 13/16.
- Median Lund score of 1.0 on injured sides vs. 0 on uninjured sides.
- Low rates of PSI/screw exposure and basal maxillary sinusitis; no interventions required.
Conclusions:
- PSIs demonstrate safety and precision in complex orbital reconstructions.
- Low long-term complication rates and preserved sinus function in non-irradiated patients.
- Supports the use of PSIs for adult orbital fracture repair.
