Research Progress of Biosensing Technology in the Detection of Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme MB
Qixing Pan1, Mingliang Jin1, Qi Liang2,3
1Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Insights
Early detection of myocardial infarction (MI) is crucial. Biosensor technology offers a promising solution for rapid, accurate creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) testing at the point-of-care, improving acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Clinical Diagnostics
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a significant global health threat.
- Timely diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) is critical for reducing mortality.
- Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) is a key biomarker for MI, rising rapidly after injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the significance of early and accurate CK-MB detection for AMI diagnosis and prognosis.
- To address the limitations of conventional CK-MB detection methods.
- To explore the potential of biosensor technology for point-of-care testing (POCT).
Main Methods:
- Review of conventional CK-MB detection methods and their drawbacks.
- Discussion of the characteristics and advantages of biosensor technology.
- Analysis of CK-MB kinetics post-myocardial injury.
Main Results:
- Conventional methods suffer from false positives, large sample volumes, and lengthy procedures, hindering POCT.
- Biosensor technology presents a low-cost, high-sensitivity, and portable alternative.
- CK-MB levels rise within 2 hours, peak at 24 hours, and normalize within 72 hours, with high specificity for secondary MI.
Conclusions:
- Biosensors offer a viable solution for rapid, real-time CK-MB detection.
- Point-of-care CK-MB testing via biosensors can significantly aid in the early diagnosis and management of AMI.
- Advancements in biosensor technology are crucial for improving AMI patient outcomes.
Abstract:
Although significant progress has been made in the global medical level, cardiovascular diseases still pose a serious threat to human life and health. Among many cardiovascular diseases, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is particularly severe. If not treated in a timely manner, it may lead to serious consequences such as cardiac arrest and sudden death. Early diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) is an important means of preventing and controlling the mortality rate of AMI. Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) is a key biomarker of MI. It rises rapidly within 2 h after myocardial injury, reaches its peak at 24 h, and returns to normal at 72 h. Furthermore, CK-MB has a high specificity in monitoring secondary MI. Therefore, the early, real-time, and accurate detection of CK-MB is of great significance for the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of AMI. Conventional CK-MB detection methods have problems such as false positive elevation, large blood sampling volume, long time consumption, and complex operation, making it difficult to meet the needs of point-of-care testing (POCT). Biosensor technology, with its low cost, high sensitivity, and portability, offers a promising solution for point-of-care CK-MB testing, thereby greatly aiding AMI diagnosis.
