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COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Complications: A Follow-Up Study from Tertiary Center

Danijela Lepojević-Stefanović1, Stefan Živković2, Dragana Marković1

  • 1Cardiology Department, Clinic for Internal Diseases, University Clinical Hospital Center "Zvezdara", Dimitrija Tucovića 161, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Viruses
|October 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 significantly impacts patients with cardiovascular diseases, causing new cardiac events and increasing mortality risk, especially for those with prior heart conditions. Post-COVID care must address these cardiovascular risks.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 presents diverse non-fatal complications impacting patient quality of life.
  • Cardiovascular complications are critical in COVID-19, contributing to morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding COVID-19's effects on patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the short-term and long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 infection.
  • To identify risk factors for adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 99 hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
  • Data collected between March 18 - April 18, 2021.
  • Analysis of in-hospital cardiovascular events and mortality.

Main Results:

  • 47% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients experienced new cardiovascular events.
  • 10 patients died during hospitalization.
  • Pre-existing coronary heart disease, heart failure, and hyperkalemia significantly increased mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Post-COVID-19 care strategies must integrate cardiovascular disease management.
  • Primary prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection is vital to mitigate long COVID and cardiovascular complications.
  • Continued research is needed to optimize patient care pathways.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecohort studycomplicationsmortalitysurvival

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