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Microbial composition and function are nested and shaped by food web topologies.

Samira Fatemi1, Nicola G Kriefall1, Danyel Yogi1

  • 1Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.

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|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria in ecosystems are compositionally nested within food webs, mirroring host trophic positions. This suggests microbial communities may be constrained by the same ecological rules as larger organisms.

Keywords:
bromeliadsfood websmicrobiomesmosquito symbiontsnestednessshotgun metagenomics

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Microbiology
  • Symbiosis

Background:

  • Food webs structure ecological interactions and energy flow.
  • Symbiotic microbes significantly impact host metabolism and development.
  • Understanding microbial roles in food webs is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate bacterial community nesting within a model food web.
  • Determine if host trophic position predicts bacterial composition.
  • Assess the relationship between bacterial taxa and functional genes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized shotgun and amplicon sequencing in tank bromeliad food webs.
  • Analyzed discrete food web compartments for bacterial composition.
  • Compared bacterial taxonomy and functional genes.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial taxonomy and function were compositionally nested, mirroring food web structure.
  • Most host-associated bacterial taxa and genes were found in environmental samples.
  • Bacterial taxa correlated with host location and trophic position, but functional genes did not.
  • Bacterial taxa and functional genes showed limited correlation, suggesting redundancy.

Conclusions:

  • Food web ecology principles can predict microbiome overlap across hosts and habitats.
  • Bacterial symbionts are integral to host metabolic capabilities.
  • Further research is needed on microbial consortia and food web energetic constraints.