Iron Deficiency Without Anaemia in a Young Female With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Report Supporting Routine Iron Studies

Rahul Premarajan ¹

⁰Acute Medicine, Great Western Hospital, Swindon, GBR.

Cureus +

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October 29, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Iron deficiency may contribute to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in young women, even without anemia. Early screening for iron deficiency is recommended for patients with IIH symptoms.

Area Of Science

Neurology
Endocrinology
Hematology

Background

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) predominantly affects young, overweight women.
Potential contributing factors beyond obesity, such as iron deficiency, are less understood.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is noted in the affected demographic.

Purpose Of The Study

To report a case of IIH in a young female with PCOS.
To investigate the role of iron deficiency as a potential factor in IIH.
To highlight the importance of screening for iron deficiency in IIH patients.

Main Methods

Case report of a 19-year-old female with IIH symptoms.
Clinical examination including fundoscopy (papilledema).
Neuroimaging, lumbar puncture for opening pressure, and comprehensive blood tests including iron studies and hemoglobin.

Main Results

The patient presented with headaches, pulsatile tinnitus, and visual disturbances, with Grade 1 papilledema.
Neuroimaging showed signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) without structural abnormalities or thrombosis.
Blood tests confirmed iron deficiency (ferritin 21 µg/L, transferrin saturation 15%) without anemia (Hb 121 g/L).

Conclusions

Iron deficiency, even without overt anemia, may be a modifiable factor in IIH.
Symptoms improved with iron supplementation and lifestyle advice.
Screening for iron deficiency is suggested for young females presenting with IIH symptoms.

Keywords:

case report idiopathic intracranial hypertension iron deficiency papilledema polycystic ovary syndrome pulsatile tinnitus