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Related Concept Videos

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by...
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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

In Vitro Modeling of Down Syndrome Neurogenesis Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Hypercalcemia of Down Syndrome.

Seth Lamb1, Melissa Litao1, Nasreen Talib2

  • 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.

JCEM Case Reports
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This case study highlights hypercalcemia in a child with Down syndrome, presenting with severe growth failure. Early recognition and dietary calcium restriction are crucial for managing this rare condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Down syndrome is associated with various health complications.
Keywords:
ABCD syndromeDown syndromehypercalcemiatrisomy 21

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  • Hypercalcemia is a rare but significant condition that can occur in children with Down syndrome.
  • This condition, also known as Abnormal Calcium, Calcinosis, Creatinine in Down syndrome, requires specific management strategies.