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Iontronic tip-sensing guidewires.

Fangyi Guan1,2, Ningning Bai1,3, Jia Song1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.

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|October 30, 2025
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A novel iontronic tip-sensing guidewire (ITG) offers superior pressure measurement for assessing coronary artery stenosis. This breakthrough technology enhances maneuverability and sensitivity, outperforming existing commercial guidewires.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Devices
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Coronary artery stenosis due to plaque buildup reduces blood flow, increasing heart attack risk.
  • Current fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement guidewires have limitations including brittleness, poor maneuverability, and high cost.
  • Existing sensors struggle to accurately assess the physiological impact of pressure gradients across stenoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel iontronic tip-sensing guidewire (ITG) for accurate intravascular pressure measurement.
  • To overcome the limitations of current commercial pressure guidewires.
  • To improve the assessment of coronary artery stenosis and cardiovascular disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a thin iontronic tip sensor into a commercial guidewire using iontronic signal transmission.
  • Leveraging the ionic properties of human tissues for signal detection.
  • Validation of the ITG's effectiveness and sensitivity in vivo using rabbit, goat, and pig models.

Main Results:

  • The ITG detects subtle intravascular pressure changes via capacitance differences, outperforming commercial guidewires.
  • The device is free of embedded conductive leads, ensuring high maneuverability and ideal torque ratio.
  • Successful in vivo validation demonstrated the ITG's sensitivity and effectiveness in multiple animal models.

Conclusions:

  • The iontronic tip-sensing guidewire (ITG) represents a significant advancement in cardiovascular diagnostic tools.
  • ITG technology offers enhanced pressure sensing capabilities, improved maneuverability, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Compatibility with existing guidewires promises to upgrade interventional medical device design.