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Evaluation of children's needs for creating a child-friendly environment in dental hospitals and strategy study
Mengting Li1, Jiabin Xu2,3, Zhiyuan Ma1
1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China.
Insights
Creating a child-friendly dental hospital requires balancing environmental design with humanized services. Prioritizing visual elements, interactive experiences, and facilities enhances children's satisfaction and dental visit experience.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Healthcare Design
- User Experience Research
Background:
- Current dental hospital environments may not adequately meet the needs of child patients and their parents.
- Understanding user satisfaction is crucial for optimizing pediatric dental care settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate children's and parents' satisfaction and needs in dental hospitals.
- To provide data-driven insights for designing child-friendly dental hospital environments.
- To identify key indicators for improving the pediatric dental patient experience.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the KJ method to establish evaluation indicators.
- Employed the Kano model for need classification.
- Applied the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for indicator weighting from expert and user perspectives.
- Integrated the Kano-AHP model to prioritize optimization strategies.
Main Results:
- Identified 9 'Must-be' needs, 6 'Attractive' needs, and 12 'One-dimensional' needs.
- Experts and users prioritized facilities and the physical environment.
- User priorities shifted towards facilities and activities, highlighting a need for interactive and emotional design elements.
- Established a design priority sequence focusing on visual environment, interactive experiences, facilities, and safety.
Conclusions:
- Balancing child-friendly environmental renovation with humanized services is key for dental hospitals.
- Findings offer guidance for designers and clinicians to create better pediatric dental environments.
- Recommendations can inform similar dental facilities aiming to improve children's visiting experience.
Objective:
This study aims to provide inputs for creating a child-friendly dental hospital by investigating the satisfaction and needs of children and their parents regarding the current environment of dental hospitals. STUDY DESIGN: Firstly, the KJ method was used to construct evaluation indicators. Secondly, need indicators were classified with the Kano model. Thirdly, the weight of need indicators was evaluated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) from both expert and user perspectives, thereby determining indicator priorities. Finally, the Kano-AHP model was used to fit indicator weights, and targeted optimization schemes were proposed.
Results:
A total of 484 children aged 6-14 and their parents, along with 10 experts, participated in this study. (1) The Kano model shows that 9 Must-be needs are prioritized; 6 Attractive needs can significantly improve satisfaction; 12 One-dimensional needs call for continuous improvement; and 1 Indifferent needs can be postponed. (2) Based on AHP analysis, both experts and users prioritize needs for facilities and physical environment. After the improvement of weight, user needs shifted to equal emphasis on facilities and activities, indicating that the existing environment design can partially meet the must-be needs, with expectations for interactive experiences and emotional design significantly increasing. (3) A design priority sequence has been formed: "construct visual environment and interactive experiences - configure facilities and innovate treatment forms - enhance environmental safety and comfort - sustain advantageous projects". (4) Five design strategies have been proposed.
Conclusion:
For dental hospitals, it is essential to strike a balance between the renovation of child-friendly environment and the integration of humanized services. The study findings may help designers and clinicians create child-friendly environments in dental hospitals, and provide references for similar dental hospitals to enhance children's visiting experience.
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