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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System
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Optimal exercise modalities for post-intervention motor function changes in stroke survivors: a pairwise and network

Liqun Jiang1, Huimin Ding1, Hyun Seo2

  • 1Graduate School of Physical Education, Myongji University, 116th Myongji University, Mingzhi Road, Churen District, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17058, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation
|October 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Resistance training and robot-assisted therapy are most effective for improving walking ability after stroke during follow-up periods. Task-oriented training also benefits balance, but limb recovery remains inconclusive.

Keywords:
Motor functionNetwork meta-analysisOlder adultsResistance trainingRobot-assisted therapyStroke rehabilitationTask-oriented trainingWalking capacity

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Stroke is a primary cause of long-term disability in older adults, impacting independence and quality of life.
  • Exercise interventions promote motor recovery, but long-term benefits during follow-up periods are poorly understood.
  • Understanding functional trajectories post-rehabilitation is crucial for assessing the value of interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate motor function outcomes in post-stroke adults during follow-up periods.
  • To compare the effectiveness of various exercise modalities for long-term stroke recovery.
  • To inform the design of rehabilitation programs prioritizing sustained functional gains.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and network meta-analysis following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
  • Searched five databases for randomized controlled trials up to March 13, 2025.
  • Assessed risk of bias using RoB 2.0 and evidence quality via CINeMA; conducted pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analyses.

Main Results:

  • Included 64 trials (3074 participants) covering 23 exercise modalities.
  • Resistance training and robot-assisted therapy showed the greatest effects on walking capacity (6-min walk test).
  • Task-oriented training significantly improved balance, but upper/lower limb outcomes were inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Resistance training and robot-assisted therapy are most effective for enhancing post-stroke walking capacity.
  • Task-oriented training demonstrates benefits for postural balance.
  • Further research is needed for upper and lower limb recovery due to limited evidence.