The Effectiveness of Different Intracanal Medicaments in Treating Apical Periodontitis

Apical periodontitis is frequently the result of a pulpal infection, mainly brought on by bacterial entry and the body's response to infection. A root canal system needs to be properly disinfected to achieve the success of endodontic therapy.

Single-rooted human teeth replicating apical periodontitis were below the root end, and their surfaces were mechanically prepared by rotary NiTi instruments to size F3. We separated the samples into four teams of 12, with the control being saline. Group I received calcium hydroxide, Group II had triple antibiotic paste, Group III got 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, and Group IV received saline. Once the tissue common to human and root canal system was infected with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 21 days, the intercanal area received medicaments for 7 days. Both pre- and post-medication microbial samples were gathered using sterile paper points and then spread on BHI agar plates. We enumerated colony-forming units (CFUs).

Every experimental group was shown to have fewer CFUs, on average, than the control group (P < 0.05). The greatest reduction in microbial counts was achieved by Group II (TAP), followed by Group III (CHX gel) and Group I (calcium hydroxide). Microbial reduction in the control group was only at 11.5% ±2.3. The usefulness of TAP greatly surpassed that of the other treatments (P < 0.01).

Triple antibiotic paste was the top choice among all tested medicaments with strong antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis.