Postoperative Pain and Healing in Patients Undergoing Apicoectomy: A Comparative Study of Techniques

Apicoectomy, a surgical procedure to remove the apex of a tooth, is used when conventional root canal treatment fails. Various techniques, such as root-end resection with or without retrograde fillings, influence postoperative outcomes like pain and healing. This study compares postoperative pain and healing rates following apicoectomy using two different techniques. The research aims to determine which method offers better patient outcomes in terms of pain relief and healing.

A total of 100 patients undergoing apicoectomy were divided into two groups. Group A received root-end resection with retrograde filling using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), while Group B underwent root-end resection without filling. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at intervals of 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days. Healing was evaluated through radiographic analysis over six months.

Group A exhibited significantly less postoperative pain at 24 hours and 7 days (P < 0.05). Healing rates, assessed radiographically, showed faster bone regeneration in Group A compared to Group B, with statistical significance observed at the six-month follow-up (P < 0.01).

Apicoectomy with retrograde filling using MTA significantly reduces postoperative pain and enhances bone healing compared to apicoectomy without filling.