In vitro Fluoride Uptake of Primary Teeth Treated with Different Fluoride Varnishes

To compare the fluoride concentration and surface smoothness of primary teeth treated with four different fluoride varnishes.

An in vitro experimental study was conducted with 50 primary teeth, divided into four groups (n = 10 per group). Each group (Group I: MI Varnish, Group II: Embrace Varnish, Group III: Fluor Protector, and Group IV: Duraphat) received consecutive fluoride varnishes. Fluoride concentration was measured at three depths (surface, middle, and deep) using microhardness testing. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test to assess group differences at each depth (P < 0.05).

MI Varnish exhibited the highest fluoride concentrations at all depths, significantly outperforming the other varnishes (P < 0.001). At the surface, MI Varnish exceeded Embrace Varnish by 18.0 AU, Fluor Protector by 29.0 AU, and Duraphat by 14.6 AU. Duraphat had the lowest fluoride concentrations across all depths.

MI Varnish demonstrated superior fluoride uptake compared to other fluoride varnishes. Second-generation varnishes, such as MI Varnish and Embrace Varnish, showed enhanced fluoride release and bioavailability, which contributes to their effectiveness in preventing enamel caries.