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Association of Triglyceride-Glucose Index With Different Cardiovascular Diseases in Non-Diabetic Hypertension

Qiyu Xiao1, Xiaoying Li2, Xi Zhou2

  • 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|October 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in non-diabetic hypertension patients. A higher TyG index correlates with higher risks of CVD death, stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and peripheral arterial disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Syndrome Research
  • Hypertension Studies

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for CVD, and identifying predictive markers is crucial.
  • The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin resistance, has emerged as a potential predictor for metabolic and cardiovascular events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with hypertension but without diabetes.
  • To determine if the TyG index predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) death, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

Main Methods:

  • A post hoc analysis of data from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), a large-scale randomized controlled trial.
  • Inclusion of 9323 non-diabetic participants with hypertension.
  • Longitudinal analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the relationship between TyG index and CVD outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive association was found between the TyG index and increased risk of CVD death (HR 1.91), heart failure (HR 1.43), myocardial infarction (HR 1.30), stroke (HR 1.60), and peripheral arterial disease (HR 1.78).
  • These correlations remained consistent across various subgroups.
  • Trend tests indicated a significant increase in risk with higher TyG index levels for all studied CVD outcomes (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • In patients with hypertension and without diabetes, a higher TyG index is independently associated with an elevated risk of major adverse cardiovascular events.
  • The TyG index may serve as a valuable predictive biomarker for cardiovascular risk stratification in this population.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the clinical utility of the TyG index in managing hypertensive patients.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasehypertensionperipheral arterial diseasestroketriglyceride–glucose index

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