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Naltrexone for Ocular Applications: A Mini-Update on Nanocarriers, Patents, and Evidence Analysis
1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab 160014, India.
Molecular Pharmaceutics
|October 30, 2025
Summary
Advanced nanoformulations enhance naltrexone (NTX) eye delivery, improving solubility, retention, and efficacy for ocular conditions. These systems show significant potential for safer and more effective eye treatments.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nanotechnology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Ocular drug delivery faces significant anatomical and physiological barriers.
- Naltrexone (NTX), an opioid antagonist, possesses anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties beneficial for ocular therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review advancements in naltrexone (NTX)-based ocular delivery systems.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nanoformulated NTX for various ocular conditions.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science (2006-2024).
- Included 14 original studies and 4 patents focusing on NTX nanoformulations (niosomes, hydrogels, in situ gelling films, polymeric matrices).
- Assessed evidence certainty using the GRADE framework.
Main Results:
- Nanoformulations significantly improved NTX solubility, precorneal retention, corneal penetration, sustained release, and photostability.
- High certainty of evidence supported enhanced solubility, retention, sustained release, and safety.
- Moderate certainty supported NTX efficacy in diabetic keratopathy, tear production, corneal healing, and ocular bioavailability.
Conclusions:
- Nanoformulated NTX demonstrates considerable potential for managing diverse ocular conditions.
- Advanced delivery systems are crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes and minimizing side effects in ocular treatments.
- NTX nanoformulations offer a promising strategy for improved ocular drug delivery.
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