Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

1.3K
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
1.3K
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

427
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
427
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

1.2K
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
1.2K
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

305
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
305
Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles01:27

Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles

3.9K
The primary role of cardiac muscles is to propel blood throughout the cardiovascular system. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, exhibit specialized characteristics that allow them to perform this function.
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller than skeletal muscles, averaging 10–20 mm in diameter and 50–100 mm in length. However, they have large energy demands for continuous contraction and relaxation. This energy is almost exclusively derived from aerobic metabolism of energy...
3.9K
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

354
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
354

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Circulating Cardiac Troponin I Levels Measured by a Novel Highly Sensitive Assay in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Insights From the ASCEND-HF Trial.

Journal of cardiac failure·2018
Same author

Design Elements and Enrollment Patterns of Contemporary Trials in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review.

JACC. Heart failure·2018
Same author

The Vulnerable Phase of Heart Failure.

American journal of therapeutics·2018
Same author

Optimal Endpoints of Acute Heart Failure Therapy.

American journal of therapeutics·2018
Same author

Improving Postdischarge Outcomes in Acute Heart Failure.

American journal of therapeutics·2018
Same author

Epirubicin and long-term heart failure risk in breast cancer survivors.

European journal of heart failure·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
08:47

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Published on: December 16, 2022

2.7K

Cardiac contractility modulation: an update.

Jürgen Kuschyk1, Javed Butler2, Timothy Fendler3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. juergen.kuschyk@umm.de.

Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie
|October 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) offers a novel device therapy for heart failure (HF) patients. This innovative treatment enhances myocardial contractility and relaxation, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CCM‑DDefibrillator functionalityHeart failureHeart failure with preserved ejection fractionHeart failure with reduced ejection fraction

More Related Videos

Measurement of Heart Contractility in Isolated Adult Human Primary Cardiomyocytes
09:17

Measurement of Heart Contractility in Isolated Adult Human Primary Cardiomyocytes

Published on: August 9, 2022

2.4K
Contractility Measurements on Isolated Papillary Muscles for the Investigation of Cardiac Inotropy in Mice
06:22

Contractility Measurements on Isolated Papillary Muscles for the Investigation of Cardiac Inotropy in Mice

Published on: September 17, 2015

15.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
08:47

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Published on: December 16, 2022

2.7K
Measurement of Heart Contractility in Isolated Adult Human Primary Cardiomyocytes
09:17

Measurement of Heart Contractility in Isolated Adult Human Primary Cardiomyocytes

Published on: August 9, 2022

2.4K
Contractility Measurements on Isolated Papillary Muscles for the Investigation of Cardiac Inotropy in Mice
06:22

Contractility Measurements on Isolated Papillary Muscles for the Investigation of Cardiac Inotropy in Mice

Published on: September 17, 2015

15.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) remains a significant health burden, with many patients symptomatic despite guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT).
  • Cardiac Contractility Modulation (CCM) is an emerging device-based therapy designed to improve cardiac function in HF patients.
  • CCM delivers non-excitatory electrical signals to enhance myocardial contractility and relaxation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the therapeutic effects and safety of CCM in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
  • To summarize the design and objectives of the AIM HIGHer trial for HF with mildly reduced (HFmrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
  • To present the next-generation CCM device with defibrillator functionality (CCM-D) and discuss the INTEGRA-D trial objectives.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical studies and real-world data on CCM in HFrEF.
  • Description of the study design for the AIM HIGHer trial in HFmrEF and HFpEF.
  • Presentation of the CCM-D device and the INTEGRA-D clinical study protocol.

Main Results:

  • Therapeutic benefits and safety profile of CCM in HFrEF patients were examined.
  • Ongoing trials (AIM HIGHer, INTEGRA-D) are investigating CCM in broader HF populations and with advanced device capabilities.
  • CCM enhances calcium cycling and diastolic calcium reuptake, contributing to improved cardiac function.

Conclusions:

  • CCM is a promising therapy for symptomatic HF patients, with ongoing research expanding its application.
  • The development of CCM-D devices aims to provide both contractility modulation and defibrillation.
  • Future studies will further elucidate the role of CCM in various HF phenotypes and its combination with other therapies.