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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

A Mouse Tumor Model of Surgical Stress to Explore the Mechanisms of Postoperative Immunosuppression and Evaluate Novel Perioperative Immunotherapies

A Mouse Tumor Model of Surgical Stress to Explore the Mechanisms of Postoperative Immunosuppression and Evaluate Novel Perioperative Immunotherapies

Published on: March 12, 2014

Perioperative Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).

Sarafina Urenna Otis¹, Giuseppe Luigi Banna^2,3, Akash Maniam⁴

¹Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, England.

Current Oncology Reports

|October 30, 2025

Summary

Perioperative immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is now used for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Research is ongoing to optimize treatment regimens and explore novel combinations like antibody drug conjugates (ADCs).

Keywords:

Antibody drug conjugates Early-stage Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immunotherapy NSCLC Perioperative

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Thoracic Surgery

Background:

Immunotherapy has expanded from advanced cancers to early-stage settings.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are now widely adopted for resectable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Purpose of the Study:

To review perioperative immunotherapy for early-stage NSCLC.
To highlight recent developments, remaining questions, and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advancements in perioperative immunotherapy for NSCLC.
Analysis of current clinical trial data and regulatory approvals.

Main Results:

ICIs are approved for perioperative use in resectable early-stage NSCLC (IB-IIIA).
Concerns exist regarding ICI combinations with targeted therapies due to toxicity and efficacy.
Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) show promise, with trials investigating their combination with immunotherapy in lung cancer.

Conclusions:

Perioperative immunotherapy holds significant promise for early-stage NSCLC.
Further research is needed to optimize treatment regimens and combinatorial strategies.
The full potential of perioperative immunotherapy requires further realization through ongoing research.