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Related Concept Videos

The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

5.7K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
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Drug Distribution: Plasma Protein Binding01:29

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Drugs predominantly attach to plasma proteins, with only a small percentage remaining unbound. The unbound portion can be calculated as one minus the bound fraction. Acidic drugs form large, inactive complexes by reversibly binding to plasma albumin, which prevents them from diffusing across biological barriers. These drug-protein complexes act as reservoirs for the drugs. As the concentration of unbound drugs decreases, these complexes quickly dissociate to release the free drug, maintaining...
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Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors01:18

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors

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Drug binding to proteins is a complex phenomenon influenced by various drug-related factors, each playing a significant role in the interaction between drugs and proteins within the body.
One crucial factor in drug-protein binding is the drug's lipophilicity or its affinity for fat. More lipophilic drugs tend to have higher binding extents. For example, highly lipophilic drugs like cloxacillin exhibit substantial protein binding, with as much as 95% of the drug binding to proteins. In...
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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Updated: May 5, 2026

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers
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The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

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The very druggable RAS proteins.

Marie C Hasselluhn1, Kenneth P Olive1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Trends in Cancer
|October 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeting RAS proteins, mutated in many cancers, is now possible with new inhibitors. Recent research highlights EFTX-G12V and MCB-36 as precision therapies for RAS-driven cancers.

Keywords:
RAS allele-specific therapyRAS selectivityprecision oncologytumor specificity

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • RAS genes are crucial for cell growth and survival.
  • Oncogenic mutations in RAS genes drive numerous human cancers.
  • Targeting RAS proteins was historically challenging, with them being considered 'undruggable'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in developing targeted therapies for RAS-driven cancers.
  • To highlight innovative inhibitors challenging the 'undruggable' RAS.
  • To showcase precision strategies for RAS-targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on RAS-targeted therapies.
  • Identification and description of novel therapeutic agents.
  • Analysis of allele-specific and pan-RAS targeting strategies.

Main Results:

  • EFTX-G12V, an EGFR-directed allele-specific RNAi therapeutic, has been developed.
  • MCB-36, a dual-state pan-KRAS degrader, represents a new therapeutic approach.
  • These agents exemplify advancements in precision medicine for RAS-related cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Innovative inhibitors are effectively challenging historically 'undruggable' RAS.
  • Precision RAS-targeted strategies, including RNAi therapeutics and degraders, show significant promise.
  • Recent advances pave the way for more effective treatments for patients with RAS-driven cancers.