From Liquid SNEDDS to Solid SNEDDS: A Comprehensive Review of Their Development and Pharmaceutical Applications

The liquid and solid formulations of self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have garnered significant attention in the pharmaceutical field for their ability to enhance the solubility and absorption of hydrophobic drugs. While both liquid and solid SNEDDS result in improved bioavailability; portability, patient compliance, desired administration route, and ease of preparation are some factors that contribute to the decision-making of the final SNEDDS dosage form. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of SNEDDS formulations in the liquid and solid state, including production and performance factors that researchers ought to consider when developing their final dosage form. We investigate excipient characteristics, stability concerns, liquid-to-solid preparation methods and their challenges, and in vivo and in vitro comparisons of both dosage forms. Finally, we explore the potential of artificial intelligence in the design of SNEDDS formulations.