Prevalence of imposter syndrome among Saudi ophthalmology residents: urgent need for support

Imposter syndrome is a psychological pattern that involves persistent self-doubt and fear of being exposed as a fraud despite evident competence. It has been reported among medical trainees, including ophthalmology residents, who face high academic and clinical demands. The primary aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of imposter syndrome among ophthalmology residents in Saudi Arabia and to evaluate its impact on professional and personal well-being.

This is a cross-sectional survey conducted among 101 ophthalmology residents across various residency programs in Saudi Arabia. Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale was utilized to assess imposter syndrome severity. Sociodemographic data, coping strategies, mental health status, and quality of life indicators were analyzed for potential associations with imposter syndrome severity.

The mean age of participants was 27.5 ± 1.4 years with nearly equal gender distribution. Most participants were single (66.3%; n = 67) and enrolled in the Central Program (60.4%; n = 61). Imposter syndrome was mild in 11.9% (n = 12 [95% CI: 5.57-18.19]), moderate in 50.5% (n = 51 [95%CI: 40.74-60.25]), significant in 30.7% (n = 31 [95%CI: 21.70-39.69]), and intense in 6.9% (n = 7 [95%CI: 1.98-11.88]). Higher IS scores correlated with Self-criticism (P < 0.001), minimizing achievements (P = 0.015), and avoidance of challenges (P = 0.014. Anxiety (P = 0.036), burnout (P = 0.023), and seeking professional help (P = 0.009) were significantly associated with imposterism severity. IS was linked to negative academic performance (P = 0.007) with some residents considering medication (P = 0.001) for management.

Imposter syndrome is highly prevalent among Saudi ophthalmology residents with most experiencing moderate to significant severity. This study highlights the association of imposter syndrome with mental health and academic performance. Structured support programs, such as mentorships programs and counselling services, may help to address Imposter syndrome and support professional development among residents.