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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anthelmintic Properties of Tithonia diversifolia Extracts Against Gastrointestinal Nematode Eggs Using In Vitro Assays
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Botanical Anthelmintics: A Trending Approach to Control Gastrointestinal Diseases in Ruminants.

Maria Jamil1, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi1, Mujeeb Ur Rehman2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan.

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|October 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Anthelmintic resistance in livestock is a growing problem. Herbal remedies offer a sustainable alternative to synthetic drugs for controlling gastrointestinal parasites in ruminants.

Keywords:
Gastrointestinal parasitismbotanical anthelminticsmedicinal plantsnatural alternativesphytochemicalsruminants

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Ethnobotany
  • Sustainable Agriculture

Background:

  • Anthelmintic resistance in livestock poses a significant economic and sustainability threat to global food production.
  • Gastrointestinal parasitism in ruminants reduces productivity, fertility, and animal welfare, exacerbated by environmental and management factors.
  • Synthetic anthelmintics face diminishing efficacy due to rapid resistance development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and mechanisms of plant-derived anthelmintics for controlling parasitic infections in ruminants.
  • To highlight the potential of herbal remedies as a sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic drugs.
  • To emphasize the integration of natural solutions into livestock health management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies on medicinal plants with anthelmintic properties.
  • Analysis of phytochemical constituents and their mechanisms of action against helminths.
  • Evaluation of synergistic effects of plant compounds and their practical applications.

Main Results:

  • Several medicinal plants (e.g., Azadirachta indica, Allium sativum) show potent anthelmintic activity.
  • Phytochemicals target parasite metabolism, reproduction, and structural integrity.
  • Herbal anthelmintics offer reduced toxicity, fewer side effects, and lower resistance risk compared to synthetics.

Conclusions:

  • Plant-derived anthelmintics present a viable, eco-friendly strategy for managing ruminant parasites.
  • Integrating herbal remedies can decrease reliance on synthetic drugs, improving animal health and farm profitability.
  • Further research into synergistic effects and practical application is warranted for sustainable livestock production.