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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Published on: July 22, 2020

Comprehensive Colorectal Cancer Stem Cell Transcriptomic Signatures That Can Predict Patient Prognostic Outcomes.

Fumihiko Kakizaki¹, Hiroyuki Miyoshi¹, Takehito Yamamoto^2,3

¹Personalized Cancer Therapy Laboratory, Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

|October 31, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified five colorectal cancer stem-like cell (CRC-SC) subtypes based on mRNA expression. One subtype showed favorable outcomes, while others had distinct gene expression patterns influencing prognosis and metastasis in mouse models.

Keywords:

colorectal neoplasms metastasis neoplastic stem cells prognosis transcriptome

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Colorectal Cancer Cell Surface Protein Profiling Using an Antibody Microarray and Fluorescence Multiplexing

Colorectal Cancer Cell Surface Protein Profiling Using an Antibody Microarray and Fluorescence Multiplexing

Published on: September 25, 2011

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Genomics

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits significant molecular heterogeneity.
Colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CRC-SCs) play a crucial role in tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance.
Understanding molecular subtypes of CRC-SCs is essential for accurate prognosis and targeted therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize distinct molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CRC-SCs) based on mRNA expression profiles.
To correlate these subtypes with patient outcomes and clinical data.
To develop a practical prognostic indicator for colorectal cancer.

Main Methods:

Analysis of mRNA expression profiles from 57 patient-derived CRC-SC lines compared to normal colonic epithelial stem-like cells (NCE-SCs).
Identification of five distinct CRC-SC subtypes based on differential gene expression.
Validation of subtype-specific gene signatures and a developed prognostic indicator (General Colorectal Cancer Signature - GCS) in independent cohorts and a xenograft mouse model.

Main Results:

Five CRC-SC subtypes were identified, with one subtype exhibiting significantly increased expression of specific genes (MUC12, PIGR, PLA2G2A, SLC4A4, ZG16) and correlating with favorable patient outcomes.
The other four subtypes showed high expression of DEFA6, BST2, MAGEA6, or IGF2, respectively, with associated prognostic implications.
The developed General Colorectal Cancer Signature (GCS) accurately predicted patient outcomes and metastasis development in a mouse model, independent of common driver gene mutations.

Conclusions:

Distinct molecular subtypes of CRC-SCs exist, characterized by specific gene expression profiles.
These subtypes and the derived GCS serve as valuable prognostic indicators for colorectal cancer.
The findings provide a foundation for developing targeted therapeutic strategies and improving outcome prediction in CRC.