Exploring Left Coronary Artery Lumen Measurements in Relation to Anthropometric Factors: A Single-center Study, Saudi...

Left main coronary artery (LMCA) revascularization has been indicated when the mean luminal area (MLA) measured by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is <6 mm². Few studies showed that the cut point for revascularization is less than that in Asian population. In this study, we studied the relationship between the LMCA area measured by IVUS and height and weight measurements to approximate the correlation.

A cross-sectional analysis study included all patients who underwent IVUS assessment in King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2015 and 2021. Patients with significant LMCA disease (>50%), calcification prevent clear measurement of LM artery media layer or any LMCA previous stents, and poor IVUS acquisition were excluded. The LMCA area measured by IVUS at the mid-shaft of the artery was investigated for correlation with patients' height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA).

A total of 242 patients were included (20.2% of females with a mean age of 59.3 ± 12.1 years). The mean LMCA minimum luminal area (MLA) is 22.2 ± 5.51 mm². There is no significant difference between gender (female MLA 21.2041 mm² vs. male MLA 22.4021 mm² (P = 0.174). There is a significant correlation between LMCA area and height, with a correlation coefficient of 0.21 and P = 0.0008; by simple linear regression, there is a 1.38 mm² increase in LMCA area for every 10 cm increase in height. There is also a significant correlation between LMCA area and weight with a correlation coefficient of 0.19 and P = 0.0025; by simple linear regression, there is a 0.7 mm² increase in LMCA area for every 10 kg increase in weight.

The diameter values of the LM in our population sample aligned with those of other populations. There was no statistically significant correlation to age, gender, BMI, or BSA. However, we discovered a weak but statistically significant correlation between height and weight. The clinical importance of the correlation needs to be further investigated in a larger population-based study.