Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Orthopedics
• Hand Surgery

Background:

• Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent peripheral entrapment neuropathy.
• It results from median nerve compression in the carpal tunnel, impacting quality of life and work.
• Repetitive wrist motions and demographics (women, 40-60) are key risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diagnosis and management of carpal tunnel syndrome.
• To highlight current and emerging treatment strategies.
• To emphasize the importance of timely and evidence-based care.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical manifestations, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic interventions for CTS.
• Inclusion of electrophysiological studies and advanced imaging like ultrasound.
• Discussion of conservative treatments and surgical decompression techniques.

Main Results:

• Diagnosis involves clinical assessment, provocative tests, electrophysiology, and imaging (ultrasound).
• Conservative options include splinting, injections, and therapies; surgery is standard for severe cases.
• Minimally invasive surgeries and Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) improve outcomes.

Conclusions:

• CTS poses significant clinical and socioeconomic challenges.
• Optimal management necessitates prompt diagnosis and individualized, evidence-based treatment.
• Advances in surgical techniques enhance recovery and patient satisfaction.