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On-Surface Photodissociation Control within Magic-Sized Nanoclusters by Halogen Bonding.

Daniel P Miller1, Cord Bertram2, Ishita Kemeny3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11549, United States.

ACS Nano
|October 31, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Weak noncovalent interactions, like halogen bonding, control how bromobenzene nanoclusters break apart on copper surfaces when exposed to light. This guides selective photolytic reactions for on-surface synthesis.

Keywords:
density functional theoryhalogen bondingnanoclusterson-surface synthesisphotodissociationscanning tunneling microscopytwo-photon photoemission spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • On-surface synthesis often uses self-assembly and dissociation of halogen-substituted molecules.
  • Understanding molecular interactions on surfaces is key for controlled reactions.
  • Halogen bonding plays a role in molecular assembly and reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of halogen bonding on the photolytic dissociation of bromobenzene nanoclusters on a Cu(111) surface.
  • To elucidate the role of cluster size and noncovalent interactions in surface-mediated reactions.
  • To explore the potential of weak interactions for guiding selective photolytic reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two-photon photoemission spectroscopy (2PPE) to study electronic properties.
  • Employed scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for atomic-scale surface imaging.
  • Performed density functional theory (DFT) computations to model interactions and reaction pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identified magic-sized tetramer nanoclusters of bromobenzene on Cu(111) stabilized by halogen and weak hydrogen bonding.
  • Demonstrated that surface adsorption enhances halogen bonding while weakening hydrogen bonds.
  • Showed that tetramers facilitate bromobenzene photodissociation via work function reduction, with exterior molecules dissociating preferentially.

Conclusions:

  • Weak noncovalent interactions, particularly halogen bonding, are crucial for directing the size and reactivity of molecular nanoclusters on surfaces.
  • The specific arrangement in tetramers enables selective photolytic dehalogenation of bromobenzene.
  • This work highlights the potential of controlling surface reactions through tailored molecular assembly and weak interactions.