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Femtosecond and Attosecond Phase-Space Correlations in Few-Particle Photoelectron Pulses
Rudolf Haindl1, Valerio Di Giulio1, Armin Feist1
1University of Göttingen, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany and 4th Physical Institute-Solids and Nanostructures, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|October 31, 2025
Summary
Researchers mapped electron beam correlations using advanced detection and light scattering. They demonstrated control over electron states for attosecond temporal correlations and tailored excitations.
Area of Science:
- Quantum dynamics
- Ultrafast electron microscopy
- Nanoscale science
Background:
- Temporal correlations in pulsed electron beams reveal microscopic emission dynamics and interparticle interactions.
- Femtosecond electron emission from nanoscale field emitters exhibits strong correlations in energy, time, and momentum due to Coulomb interactions.
- External fields can probe and manipulate these correlated electron states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To directly map the photoelectron phase-space distribution of two-electron states.
- To investigate the influence of interparticle interactions and dispersion on electron states.
- To demonstrate coherent shaping of few-electron states for attosecond temporal correlations.
Main Methods:
- Combining femtosecond-gated, event-based detection with inelastic electron-light scattering.
- Directly mapping the photoelectron phase-space distribution of two-electron states.
- Imprinting a global phase modulation onto two-electron states.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a bimodal structure in longitudinal phase space, separating contributions from interparticle interaction and dispersion.
- Successfully imprinted a global phase modulation onto two-electron states.
- Theoretically showed that coherent shaping enables attosecond temporal correlations.
Conclusions:
- Controlled phasing of few-electron states is achievable.
- This control can be used to generate tailored excitations and superradiance.
- The findings offer new pathways for manipulating electron dynamics at the nanoscale.
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