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Risk factors for harmful alcohol consumption: a multilevel analysis.

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This study found that 18.9% of primary health care users in São Paulo exhibited harmful alcohol consumption. Male gender, black race/color, and higher income were linked to risky/harmful use, while lower education and depression diagnosis were associated with probable dependence.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption patterns and their associated risks are significant public health concerns.
  • Primary Health Care (PHC) settings offer a crucial opportunity for identifying and intervening in alcohol use disorders (AUDs).
  • Understanding the prevalence and determinants of AUDs in PHC users is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of risky, harmful, and probable alcohol dependence consumption patterns among PHC users.
  • To investigate the association between these consumption patterns and sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,178 participants in São Paulo PHC services.
  • The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was administered.
  • Descriptive and hierarchical Poisson regression analyses were employed.

Main Results:

  • 18.9% of participants met criteria for harmful alcohol consumption.
  • Male gender, black race/color, and income of ≥10 minimum wages were associated with risky/harmful consumption.
  • Lower educational level and a diagnosis of depression were determinants of probable alcohol dependence.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of AUDs in São Paulo PHC users is higher than previously reported.
  • PHC services are vital for screening and early diagnosis of alcohol use disorders.
  • Identifying specific risk factors allows for tailored public health strategies within primary care settings.