Investigation of N-desmethyl-acetamiprid-induced neurotransmitter disturbances in cerebrospinal fluid from leukemia...

Neonicotinoids (NEOs) and their metabolites impact neuronal function; however, their effects on neurotransmitters remain unexplored. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from leukemia patients with differing concentrations of N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (N-dm-ACE) for neurotransmitter profiling. Neurotransmitters and biomarkers were measured in CSF, blood, and serum from 39 patients (19 low and 20 high N-dm-ACE) across three age groups: children, adults, and elders. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in neurotransmitters were found among groups, including glutamic acid (253.45 ± 388.16 & 101.11 ± 52.79), aspartic acid (79.64 ± 87.46 & 0.00), tryptophan (325.89 ± 76.47 & 508.09 ± 331.35), and tyrosine (984.41 ± 348.78 ng/mL). Regression analysis indicated that N-dm-ACE is significantly (p < 0.05) positively associated with serum total proteins and negatively with betaine-aldehyde-chloride and ornithine. This suggests that increased accumulation of N-dm-ACE in the CNS may elevate the risk of neurological or neurotoxic conditions. Further studies are needed to better understand the intricate relationship between NEOs, particularly N-dm-ACE, and brain health.