Antiviral candidates for enterovirus 71: targeting viral proteome and stage-specific lifecycle interventions

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a pathogen of concern, especially after its reemergence in most parts of Asia. This virus can lead to severe neurological complications and death, particularly in infants. There are no approved antivirals to prevent or treat EV71 infections, or valid vaccines. EV71 relies on precise virus-host interactions that take place during the viral life cycle, and interference with these offers numerous targets for antiviral strategies that are explored herein. We highlight known antiviral candidates and also alternative avenues to develop novel drugs.