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Home paediatric CPAP/NIV: the basics

Sonia Khirani1, Alessandro Amaddeo2, Lucie Griffon3

  • 1ASV Santé, Gennevilliers, France; Paediatric noninvasive ventilation and sleep Unit, AP-HP Necker Hospital, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, UMR 7330 VIFASOM, Paris, France.

Sleep Medicine
|November 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Home noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use is increasing in pediatric care. This review covers initiation, equipment, and management strategies for effective treatment and adherence in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Home noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) are increasingly utilized in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding the nuances of different NIV modes, particularly barometric modes, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of home CPAP and NIV in children.
  • To detail initiation criteria, indications, settings, and equipment for pediatric CPAP/NIV therapy.
  • To outline strategies for effective management and adherence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric home CPAP and NIV.
  • Analysis of equipment components: devices, interfaces, circuits, and humidifiers.
  • Examination of management strategies for adherence and treatment efficacy.

Main Results:

  • CPAP includes constant and auto-adjusting (APAP) modes.
  • NIV commonly employs barometric modes.
  • Effective management requires mastering equipment, close follow-up, and addressing leaks and patient-ventilator asynchronies.

Conclusions:

  • Successful pediatric home CPAP/NIV requires careful consideration of initiation, equipment, and ongoing management.
  • Strategies to overcome resource limitations and ensure patient adherence are vital for treatment success.
  • Regular monitoring and management of potential complications are key to efficacy.

Keywords:
BasicsCPAPHomeNIVPaediatrics

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