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Pediatric aortic trauma: A review of the literature

Malachi Sheahan1, Sarah Lauve1, Amanda Tullos2

  • 1Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA.

Journal of Vascular Surgery
|November 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric aortic injuries are shifting towards penetrating trauma, with endovascular repairs improving outcomes for thoracic injuries. Further research is needed to establish guidelines for managing these complex pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Pediatric Trauma
  • Endovascular Interventions

Background:

  • Pediatric aortic injury patterns are evolving, with an increasing incidence of penetrating trauma from ballistic injuries.
  • Treatment strategies are shifting towards endovascular techniques, reducing the need for open aortic repairs in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on pediatric aortic injuries, encompassing both penetrating and blunt trauma to the abdominal and thoracic aorta.
  • To analyze treatment patterns and outcomes in pediatric aortic injuries.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • The review focused on penetrating and blunt injuries of the abdominal and thoracic aorta in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Thoracic aortic injuries (TAIs) exhibit higher mortality rates than abdominal aortic injuries (AAIs).
  • Blunt injuries are more prevalent than penetrating injuries, with penetrating mechanisms associated with increased mortality.
  • Endovascular repair advancements have improved outcomes and survival for blunt TAIs, while open repair remains primary for symptomatic blunt AAIs.

Conclusions:

  • Current data on pediatric aortic injury management is limited, often based on case reports and small series.
  • Future research should focus on tracking repair outcomes and technical challenges to inform clinical guidelines.
Abstract

Keywords:
AortaPediatricTrauma

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