Comprehensive insights into anionic layered materials: Assembly, synthesis, reactivity, and application paradigms

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Chemistry

Background:

• Two-dimensional anionic layered materials (ALMs) are gaining research interest.
• ALMs possess versatile structural characteristics, including anion-exchange and guest species intercalation.
• These properties allow for controlled chemical composition and surface functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the synthesis of ALMs and their derivatives.
• To provide an overview of structural chemistry, compositional flexibility, and anion exchange behavior.
• To examine the applications of ALMs in various fields.

Main Methods:

• Summarizes conventional and novel synthetic methodologies.
• Discusses structural chemistry, compositional flexibility, anion exchange, surface modification, topotactic transformation, and colloidal stability.
• Highlights advanced spectroscopic and microscopic techniques (PXRD, FTIR, electron microscopy).

Main Results:

• ALMs can be synthesized with enhanced physical, chemical, optical, and catalytic properties.
• Key attributes like structural chemistry and anion exchange govern functional performance.
• Advanced techniques are crucial for elucidating structure and intercalation.

Conclusions:

• ALMs demonstrate significant potential in diverse applications such as water remediation, biomedicine, and display technologies.
• Understanding ALMs' structural chemistry and properties is vital for their application.
• ALMs play a promising role in sustainable technology development and advanced functional materials.