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Light-triggered electrochemical biosensor using singlet oxygen for self-powered operation and glucose detection.

Akhilesh Kumar Gupta¹, Robert Buller¹, Alexey V Krasnoslobodtsev¹

¹Department of Physics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.

|November 2, 2025

Summary

This study presents a novel light-activated glucose biosensor using photosensitization and electrochemical detection. The sensor precisely measures glucose levels by controlling current flow with light and singlet oxygen generation.

Keywords:

Biosensor Light-triggered sensing Self-powered Singlet oxygen

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Biosensing
Photochemistry

Background:

Photosensitization generates reactive oxygen species.
Electrochemical detection offers sensitive analyte quantification.
Glucose oxidase is a key enzyme for glucose sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a light-activated glucose biosensor.
To integrate photosensitization with electrochemical detection.
To achieve tunable, on-demand signal control for biosensing.

Main Methods:

Utilizing Eosin Y as a photosensitizer to generate singlet oxygen (¹O₂).
Immobilizing Eosin Y on a carbon electrode within a polymer matrix.
Coupling the ¹O₂-mediated process with glucose oxidase (GOx) for glucose detection.
Employing green light (520 nm) illumination for sensor activation.

Main Results:

The biosensor demonstrated a measurable current initiated by light-induced ¹O₂.
Glucose addition reversed current flow due to GOx competition for electrons.
A sensitive correlation between current magnitude and glucose concentration was observed.
The biosensor achieved a detection limit (LOD) of 2.8 mM for glucose (0-73 mM range).

Conclusions:

A novel light-activated sensing platform was successfully developed.
The platform enables tunable, on-demand signal control using light and ¹O₂.
This approach offers a new strategy for adaptive, real-time biosensing technologies.