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Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

A Detailed Protocol for Characterizing the Murine C1498 Cell Line and its Associated Leukemia Mouse Model

A Detailed Protocol for Characterizing the Murine C1498 Cell Line and its Associated Leukemia Mouse Model

Published on: October 14, 2016

Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia.

Ayalew Tefferi¹, Mrinal M Patnaik¹

¹Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

British Journal of Haematology

|November 2, 2025

Summary

Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a rare blood cancer. While most treatments are palliative, stem cell transplants offer a cure, with timing guided by risk models.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology

Background:

Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a complex blood cancer.
It presents as a mix of myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Clonal monocytosis is a key characteristic of CMML.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the current therapeutic landscape for CMML.
To emphasize the role of somatic mutations in CMML.
To discuss the prognostic relevance of risk models for treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

Review of current CMML treatment strategies.
Analysis of the diagnostic and prognostic significance of somatic mutations.
Evaluation of established and emerging prognostic models.

Main Results:

Keywords:

BLAST BLAST‐mol allogeneic hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide)treatment

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Somatic mutations are found in over 90% of CMML patients but lack diagnostic specificity.
A subset of these mutations holds prognostic value.
Current drug therapies are primarily palliative, not curative.

Conclusions:

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative option for CMML.
Treatment timing, particularly for transplantation, relies on formal prognostic models like BLAST and BLAST-molecular.
Further research into disease-modifying therapies is warranted.