Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

176
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
176
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

245
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
245
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

209
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
209
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

1.8K
Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
1.8K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Active Drug, Metabolite and Fraction of Metabolized Drug01:14

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Active Drug, Metabolite and Fraction of Metabolized Drug

206
In pharmacotherapy, monitoring drug concentrations is paramount, especially for drugs whose therapeutic effects hinge on both the active compound and its metabolite. Hepatic impairment profoundly influences drug potency by altering liver function. If the drug is more potent than its metabolite, impaired liver function amplifies drug activity due to elevated drug concentration levels. Conversely, if the metabolite holds greater potency, diminished liver function diminishes drug activity by...
206
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors01:16

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors

516
The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
516

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Current State of the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance: What Are the Different Strategies for Tomorrow?

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

<i>Artemisia</i><i>herba alba</i> Outperforms Indomethacin with Multitarget Efficacy and Safety in CFA Arthritic Model.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Adipose Tissue Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: A Driver of Obesity and Insulin Resistance.

Cell biochemistry and function·2026
Same author

Dual anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of clove essential oil and eugenol: targeting neutrophil functions and experimental arthritis.

Inflammopharmacology·2025
Same author

Protective Antioxidant Potential of Argan Oil Versus Other Edible Oils in LPS-Challenged Mouse Heart and Kidney.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Protective Effects of Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin and/or Ascorbic Acid Against Barium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mouse Brain and Liver.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same journal

Friend or Foe? The Dual Role of Ferroptosis in Tumor Immunity and Immunotherapy.

WIREs mechanisms of disease·2026
Same journal

Nager Syndrome Revisited: Integrating In Vivo and In Vitro Models to Decipher SF3B4-Dependent Tissue Coordination.

WIREs mechanisms of disease·2026
Same journal

Anna Karenina Principle, Immune-Oncology-Microbiome Trio and Cancer Microbiome Therapy.

WIREs mechanisms of disease·2025
Same journal

The Nucleolus and Its Associated Pathologies.

WIREs mechanisms of disease·2025
Same journal

Biomedical Models: Use of Zebrafish as a Multi-Utility In Vivo Tool Box.

WIREs mechanisms of disease·2025
Same journal

Mechanical Forces in Tumor Growth and Treatment: Perspectives From Biology, Physics, Engineering, and Mathematical Modeling.

WIREs mechanisms of disease·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

3.2K

SARS-CoV-2: A Liver Brief.

Youness Limami1, Hicham Wahnou2, Martin Ndayambaje2

  • 1Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco.

Wires Mechanisms of Disease
|November 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2) causes liver injury through direct infection and immune responses. Understanding these mechanisms is key to treating liver damage in COVID-19 patients.

Keywords:
COVID‐19SARS‐CoV‐2liver diseases

More Related Videos

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
05:23

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Published on: December 23, 2020

6.5K
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

3.2K
Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
05:23

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Published on: December 23, 2020

6.5K
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular and Cellular Physiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 leads to multi-organ damage, notably liver injury.
  • Mechanisms of liver dysfunction involve direct viral infection, immune responses (cytokine storm), and the gut-liver axis.
  • Pre-existing liver conditions like MAFLD, ALD, and fibrosis increase COVID-19 severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Explore the molecular mechanisms of liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.
  • Investigate viral entry pathways into liver cells.
  • Understand the impact of immune responses and pre-existing conditions on COVID-19 liver injury.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry into hepatocytes.
  • Analysis of immune-mediated liver damage pathways.
  • Examination of the role of the gut-liver axis in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 utilizes ACE2/TMPRSS2 and alternative receptors (DC-SIGN, AXL) for liver cell entry.
  • Immune responses, particularly cytokine storm, significantly contribute to hepatocyte damage.
  • Pre-existing liver diseases exacerbate COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Post-COVID-19 complications include fibrosis progression and persistent liver damage.
  • Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) is a concern with COVID-19 treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury is crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Targeted therapies are needed to mitigate liver complications in acute and Long COVID-19.
  • Further research into chronic inflammation, viral persistence, and autoimmune reactions post-COVID-19 is warranted.