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A Novel Radially Graded Hydroxyapatite-Based Composite for Bioactive Implant Interfaces.
Zeliha Coskun Tas1, Talip Celik1, Ibrahim Mutlu1
1Faculty of Technology, Biomedical Engineering Department, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|November 3, 2025
Summary
A new Ti-5Mo/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite was developed for orthopedic implants, improving bioactivity and reducing mechanical mismatch. This functionally graded material (FGM) shows promise for enhanced osseointegration and biocompatibility.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Materials Engineering
- Orthopedic Research
Background:
- Ti-6Al-4V is a common biomaterial but has limitations in hardness and osseointegration for orthopedic implants.
- Developing orthopedic implants requires balancing mechanical properties with biological integration.
- Existing materials often present a mechanical mismatch with bone tissue, hindering implant success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel radially functionally graded Ti-5Mo/hydroxyapatite (HA) biocomposite.
- To enhance bioactivity and reduce the mechanical mismatch between implant materials and living tissue.
- To create a biomaterial optimized for load-bearing orthopedic and dental applications.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a radially functionally graded Ti-5Mo/HA biocomposite using pressure-assisted sintering.
- Characterization using XRD, Rietveld refinement, SEM/EDX, AFM, contact angle measurements, and in vitro cytotoxicity assays.
- Mechanical testing including Brazilian splitting, three-point bending, microhardness, and tribological tests.
Main Results:
- The biocomposite featured a dual-phase titanium matrix with HA-derived oxides, showing graded porosity and hardness.
- Achieved a bending modulus of 22.4 GPa, comparable to cortical bone.
- Demonstrated enhanced surface roughness, hydrophilicity (contact angle 35.3°), corrosion resistance, and superior in vitro cell viability in HA-rich areas.
Conclusions:
- The developed Ti-5Mo/HA functionally graded material (FGM) offers a promising solution for orthopedic and dental implants.
- The material exhibits an optimized balance of structural integrity and biological functionality.
- This FGM design addresses key challenges in creating effective load-bearing biomaterials.
