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Does Quantity Matter? How Extracurricular Activities Affect Working Memory Development among 5-7-Year-Old Children.

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Summary

Engaging in multiple extracurricular activities boosts children's verbal working memory, crucial for academic success. This study highlights the benefits of diverse skill-building activities for cognitive development in young children.

Keywords:
5–7-year-old childrenexecutive functionextracurricular activitiesverbal working memoryvisual-spatial working memoryworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Extracurricular activities like sports and dance are known to benefit executive function in children.
  • Limited research exists on how diverse skill-focused activities impact working memory development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effect of the quantity of extracurricular activities on working memory development in 5-7-year-old children.
  • To understand if diverse activity engagement influences working memory outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study with 101 children aged 5-7 years.
  • Three working memory assessments (verbal and visual-spatial) at ages 5, 6, and 7.
  • Parental surveys collected data on extracurricular activity participation.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive association was found between the number of extracurricular activities and verbal working memory development.
  • Children participating in multiple activities showed enhanced verbal information retention and recall.
  • No significant differences in visual-spatial working memory were observed based on the number of activities.

Conclusions:

  • Participation in a greater number of extracurricular activities positively influences verbal working memory.
  • Enhanced verbal working memory is a key predictor of academic achievement and social skills.
  • Promoting access to diverse extracurricular activities may support crucial cognitive development in children.