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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microRNAs: Key immunomodulators to prevent ocular tissue degeneration
Sneha Nair1,2, Gowri Priya Chidambaranathan1,3
1Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai 625020, Tamil Nādu, India.
World Journal of Stem Cells
|November 3, 2025
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) show promise for treating eye diseases like dry eye and glaucoma. These tiny RNA molecules, often delivered via extracellular vesicles, offer a new therapeutic avenue for ocular conditions.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression.
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretome, rich in miRNAs, modulate key biological processes.
- Ocular diseases involve complex pathways including inflammation and apoptosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the therapeutic applications of MSC-derived miRNAs in ophthalmology.
- To explore the role of extracellular vesicles carrying miRNAs in ocular health.
- To discuss bioengineered nanovesicles for targeted miRNA delivery in the eye.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on MSC-derived miRNAs and ocular conditions.
- Analysis of research on extracellular vesicles as miRNA delivery vehicles.
- Examination of bioengineering strategies for nanovesicle-based miRNA therapeutics.
Main Results:
- MSC-derived miRNAs are implicated in treating dry eye, glaucoma, and retinal degenerative diseases.
- Extracellular vesicles from MSCs effectively deliver miRNAs to target cells in the eye.
- Bioengineered nanovesicles offer a platform for novel miRNA-based ocular drug therapies.
Conclusions:
- MSC-derived miRNAs represent a promising therapeutic strategy for various ocular diseases.
- Extracellular vesicles and bioengineered nanovesicles are key delivery systems for these miRNAs.
- Further research into MSC-miRNA therapies could revolutionize ophthalmic treatment.
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