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Explosive detection canines in the field: a multi-site black box validation study.

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No canine teams met the Organization of Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science (OSAC) certification standards. Performance on OSAC assessments may predict operational effectiveness, but varied significantly based on training aid diversity.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Canine Detection
  • Applied Animal Behavior

Background:

  • The National Research Council highlighted the need for standardized forensic science practices in 2009.
  • The Organization of Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science (OSAC) was formed to develop these standards.
  • The OSAC Dogs and Sensors subcommittee focuses on standardizing training and certification for canine detection teams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically validate the OSAC explosive canine detection standard.
  • To assess the performance of canine/handler teams using the OSAC standard.
  • To compare performance on standard assessments versus operational scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • A proof-of-concept black box study was conducted.
  • Fifty-six canine/handler teams participated across three geographic locations.
  • Teams underwent searches based on ANSI/ASB Standard 092 and realistic operational scenarios.

Main Results:

  • No canine/handler team met the OSAC certification criteria.
  • Performance was comparable between standard assessments and operational scenarios.
  • Significant variations in alert accuracy, false alert rates, and detection success were observed across teams and explosive types.

Conclusions:

  • The OSAC Standard 092 certification may predict operational effectiveness.
  • Performance variations are likely linked to the diversity of training aids used.
  • Further research is needed to refine and validate canine detection standards.